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Cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens, stained with a fluorescent brightner, calcofluor white M2R, were introduced into soil aggregates at specific matric potentials. The soil was impregnated with resin and the hardened blocks cut and polished. The inocula, dispersed through the pore network as single cells, were observed to be located in soil pores of a particular size class, determined by the antecedent...
Acid neutralization, at pH 3.0, in the mineral horizons of six acid sandy soils was measured by means of pH stat column experiments. All samples have low amounts of adsorbed base cations (0.1-4.3 mmol c kg -1 ; base saturation 2.1-9.5%), pH ranges from 4.0 in the topsoil to 4.5 in the subsoil. The amount of NH 4 -oxalate extractable Al ranged from 87-135 mol c ...
Particle size analysis of soils containing coarse fragments requires sufficient amounts of soil material. We tried to quantify the sample volume for coarse fragment measurements in a Rendzina soil with more than 50% coarse fragment content. A monolith of 50 cm 80 cm was excavated to a depth of 160 cm, hardened with an epoxy resin and cut into six cross sections. The coarse fragment contents...
Gypsum crystals occur in Vertisols on the west coast of New Caledonia. These soils are derived from the weathering of basic rocks that contain no gypsum. The sulphur isotopic ratio 34 S/ 32 S was used as tracer to identify the origin of the gypsum. A total of 26 measurements of δ 34 S were made on gypsum crystals from the Vertisols and compared to those of...
Cracking was studied in fifty soils located in two recent alluvial plains and it was related to soil parameters such as clay content, soil moisture content, bulk density and coefficient of linear extensibility (COLE). The total crack area per unit soil surface, the crack width and crack depth were measured by tracing them on transparent sheets. The rate of crack development was also studied in a...
Digital elevation models (DEMs) provide a good way of deriving landform attributes that may be used for soil prediction. The geostatistical techniques of kriging and cokriging are increasingly being applied to predicting soil properties. Whereas ordinary kriging (and universal kriging) utilise spatial correlation to determine the coefficients of the linear predictor, cokriging involves both inter-variable...
Currently there is a lack of quantitative data on the functional classification of soil structure, particularly in routine soil surveys, because field physical measurements of flow characteristics are slow and require expertise. A simple air permeameter was developed which allows rapid, in situ measurements to be made of the intrinsic permeability of the soil to air (k a ). Measurements...
Adjacent cultivated and never-cultivated areas of land were compared for a variety of chemical and physical properties to determine the effect of traditional cultivation practices on an Australian Rhodoxeralf. Those properties which changed most as a result of clearing and cultivation were pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, nitrogen and profile macroporosity. These changes are due to various...
Soil structure has been destroyed over large areas of arid and semi-arid regions by soil degradation processes. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of two organic amendments, urban refuse and peat, on the improvement of soil structure and to analyse correlations between organic carbon content, fungal and bacteria populations and aggregate stability. Two series of five plots were...
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